Signs of a healthy gut

Back to basics with the gut-brain axis

The gut-brain axis (GBA) is the communication that takes place from the brain to the gut and from the gut to the brain. The communication occurs between the central nervous System (CNS), the autonomic nervous system (ANS), the enteric nervous system (ENS) and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA) linking emotional and cognitive centres of the brain with peripheral intestinal functions.1

It’s all in the gut

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is the intrinsic nervous system of the gut.2 It is made up of a network of neurons that lines the gastrointestinal tract, from the esophagus to the rectum.2 The ENS monitors the condition and gathers information on the state of the gastrointestinal tract.2 It also plays a role in gut movement, fluid exchange between the gut and its lumen, and local blood flow.2 The ENS is also called the second brain because it can work independently from the CNS.2

Is it all in the microbiota effect?

ANS = autonomic nervous system; ENS = enteric nervous system; HPA = hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal axis
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is the intrinsic nervous system of the gut.2 It is made up of a network of neurons that lines the gastrointestinal tract, from the esophagus to the rectum.2 The ENS monitors the condition and gathers information on the state of the gastrointestinal tract.2 It also plays a role in gut movement, fluid exchange between the gut and its lumen, and local blood flow.2 The ENS is also called the second brain because it can work independently from the CNS.2
Keep your gut microbiota balanced to avoid constipation, which can lead to haemorrhoids.3,5,6

Are you constipated?

Symptoms of constipation include:6

Infrequent passing of stool (fewer than three bowel movements a week)

Stools are dry, hard and/or lumpy

Stools are difficult to pass

Stomach ache or cramps

You feel bloated and nauseous

Feeling of incomplete stool evacuation

Still unsure? Let’s have a look

Haemorrhoids can be caused by straining during bowel movements and sitting for long periods of time on the toilet.8

Got the gut health?

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), gut health is defined as the state of physical and mental well being in the absence of gastrointestinal complaints that require a consultation with a doctor.9 The aspects of gut health include the effective digestion and absorption of food, the absence of gastrointestinal illness, normal and stable microbiota, effective immune status and an overall state of well being.9

Keep it healthy

Everything is linked to one another, and it is therefore important to keep your gut healthy to avoid constipation,3 which can lead to haemorrhoids.3,5,6
sandpaper toilet paper
It can be difficult to get active when experiencing that uncomfortable feeling.
Speak to your healthcare professional to find out which activity is best for your body.

References: 1. Carabotti M, Scirocco A, Maselli MA, Severi C. The gut-brain axis: Interactions between enteric microbiota, central and enteric nervous systems. Annals of Gastroenterology. 2015;28:203-209. 2. Furness JB. Enteric nervous system. Scholarpedia. 2007;2(10):4064. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.4064. 3. Zhao Y, Yu YB. Intestinal microbiota and chronic constipation. Springer Plus. 2016;5:1130. 4. Suganya K, Koo B-S. Gut–Brain Axis: Role of Gut Microbiota on Neurological Disorders and How Probiotics/Prebiotics Beneficially Modulate Microbial and Immune Pathways to Improve Brain Functions. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020;21:7551. doi:10.3390/ijms21207551. 5. Robinson J. WebMD. How Chronic Constipation affects your body. 2021 [Updated 2021 January 20; cited 2022 June 23]. Available from: URL: https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/chronic-constipation-affectsbody. 6. Cleveland Clinical medical professional. Constipation. 2019 [Updated 2019 July 11; cited 2022 June 23. Available from: URL: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation. 7. Blake MR, Raker JM, Whelan K. Validity and reliability of the Bristol Stool Form Scale in healthy adults and patients with diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016;44:693–703. 8. Mayo Clinic. Hemorrhoids. 2021 [2021 May 12; cited 2022 June 23]. Available from: URL: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemorrhoids/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20360280. 9. Bischoff S. ‘Gut health’: a new objective in medicine? BMC Medicine. 2011;9:24.